光质对小豆芽苗菜生长和类黄酮的影响及其机理初步探究

Effects of Light Quality on Growth and Flavonoids of Adzuki Bean Sprouts and Its Preliminary Mechanism

为探索最适宜小豆芽苗菜生长的光质和光周期,为工厂化生产光环境调控提供依据,分别在黑暗(D)、白光(W)、蓝光(B),紫外光A(UV-A)和紫外光B(UV-B)下培养小豆芽苗菜,研究不同光质对小豆芽苗菜的生长和类黄酮含量的影响,并初步探究类黄酮合成机制。结果表明,与W相比,UV-B处理显著(p <0.05)降低了小豆芽苗菜株高、可食鲜重和含水率,但不影响其可食干重。与D和W相比,其他光质处理均显著(p <0.05)提高了小豆芽苗菜类黄酮含量,其中UV-B处理显著(p <0.05)高于其他光质处理;同时UV-B处理显著(p <0.05)提高芦丁和山奈酚含量;不同UV-B处理时长都降低了其含水率,4 h是比较适合小豆芽苗菜生长和营养积累的UV-B光照时间。在120 h之内,UV-B处理下类黄酮含量持续上升;在60 h之内,UV-B处理下查尔酮合成酶(CHS)和黄酮醇合酶(FLS)酶活性持续高于W处理,并且UV-B促进类黄酮合成相关酶活性基因的表达。因此,UV-B通过提高CHS和FLS酶活性及相关基因的表达显著(p <0.05)提高小豆芽苗菜黄酮类物质及其单体含量。

In order to provide a basis for the regulation of the light environment in factory production for the growth of Adzuki bean sprouts,the optimal light quality and photoperiod were explored.Adzuki bean sprouts were cultured under darkness( D),white light( W),blue light( B),ultraviolet A( UV-A) and ultraviolet B( UV-B) to study the effects of different light quality on adzuki bean sprout growth and flavonoid contents,and to preliminarily investigate the flavonoid synthesis mechanism.The results showed that,compared with W treatment,the UV-B treatment significantly decreased plant height,edible fresh weight and moisture content of adzuki bean sprouts.Compared with D and W conditions,the other light treatments significantly( p < 0.05)increased the total flavonoid content of adzuki bean sprouts,and the UV-B treatment had the greatest effect.Additionally,rutin and kaempferol contents significanthy( p < 0.05) increased in response to the UV-B treatment. Moreover,the exposure to different UV-B duration decreased the moisture content and 4 h UV-B duration was resulted in ideal adzuki bean sprout growth and nutrient contents.The flavonoid content continued to increase under UV-B light for up to 120 h.Chalcone synthase( CHS) and flavonol synthase( FLS) activities were consistently higher under UV-B than under W for up to 60 h. Furthermore,the UV-B treatment upregulated the expression of the related enzyme-encoding genes.Therefore,exposure to UV-B light could significantly increase( p < 0.05) the abundance of flavonoids and their monomers in adzuki bean sprouts by enhancing CHS and FLS activities and the expression of the corresponding genes.