山药中主要功能性成分及其作用机制研究进展

Research Progress on Main Functional Component and Action Mechanism of Dioscorea opposita

山药作为药食同源性植株,在我国食用历史悠久,种植十分广泛。山药中含维生素、氨基酸、蛋白质、矿物质、微量元素、皂苷、多糖、多酚类等营养及功能性成分,具有调节肠道菌群、增强机体免疫、防癌、抗氧化、降压降脂等多种保健功能。本文结合近几年的研究成果,归纳总结了山药中的多糖、多酚类、薯蓣皂苷及尿囊素等几种主要的功能性成分及生理活性的作用机制,并对其深入研究提出见解,以期为山药及其功能性成分的进一步开发提供理论基础。

As a plant with the function of being medicinal and food,Dioscorea opposita has a long history of eating and is widely planted in China.It is rich in vitamins,amino acid,proteins,minerals,trace elements,saponin,polysaccharides,polyphenols and other nutrients and functional ingredients. It has many health care functions such as regulating intestinal flora,enhancing immunity,preventing tumors,preventing oxidation,lowering blood pressure and lowering blood fat. In this article,research results in recent years were used as a reference. This review introduced the main functional components and physiological mechanisms of polysaccharides,polyphenols,diosgenin and allantoin in Dioscorea opposita.It also provided insights into its indepth research,in order to provide some theoretical basis for the further development of yam and its functional components.