废动力锂电池正极材料与集流体的分离研究

Mechanical separation and recovery of cathode components from spent power lithium batteries

针对废动力锂电池回收过程中正极材料与集流体铝箔的分离问题,根据集流体、正极材料和粘结剂物理性质的差异,采用低温热处理与破碎筛分的组合工艺对锂电池正极材料和集流体铝箔进行分离与回收研究,并探讨了热处理温度与时间对破碎后正极材料解离率和破碎产物粒度分布的影响。结果表明:在300℃下热处理120min后,正极材料涂层脆性变大,再经破碎即可使正极材料从集流体铝箔上充分解离,筛分后铝箔可直接回收,而正极材料能直接进入下一步回收工艺。

The separation and recovery of cathode materials and current collector aluminum foils from spent power lithium batteries were investigated. Based on the differences of the physical properties among current collector, cathode material and binder, a combination process of low temperature heat treatment, crushing and screening was applied to study the separation and recovery of cathode materials and current collectors. The influence of heat treatment temperature and time on the dissociation rates of cathode materials and the particle size distributions of the products after crushing was also studied. The results show that the cathode material coating becomes more brittle after the heat treatment at 300 ℃ for 120 min, and then the cathode material can be fully dissociated from the current collector aluminum foil after crushing. The aluminum foil can be directly recycled, and the cathode material can also be directly delivered to the next recovery process after screening.