1984—2016年江苏省海岸线和沿海滩涂的变迁

The Changes of Coastline and Coastal Beach in Jiangsu Province from 1984 to 2016

为加强对江苏省海岸带的保护和开发利用,文章基于卫星遥感影像,通过提取瞬时水边线和推算潮位特征线,分析1984—2016年江苏省海岸线和沿海滩涂的变迁。研究结果表明:江苏省自然岸线逐渐减少,人工岸线大幅增加,海岸线明显向海推进;淤长岸段主要分布在辐射沙洲北翼的射阳河口至川东港南,冲刷岸段主要分布在废黄河三角洲的灌河口北至中山河口南和扁担河口北至双洋河口南,全省海岸淤长长度和平均淤长速率均大幅下降;沿海各地的潮间带平均宽度均有不同程度的缩短,滩涂围垦强度大是重要影响因素。

To strengthen the protection,development and utilization of coastal zone in Jiangsu province,based on satellite remote sensing image,this paper analyzed the changes of coastline and coastal beach in Jiangsu province from 1984 to 2016,by extracting instantaneous water boundary and calculating tidal level characteristic line.The research results showed that: the natural shoreline of Jiangsu province gradually decreased,meanwhile the artificial shoreline increased greatly,and the coastline clearly moved towards the sea;the silting section mainly distributed from Sheyang Estuary to the south of Chuandonggang Estuary on the northern wing of radiation sandbar,the scouring section mainly distributed from the north of Guanhe Estuary of the abandoned Yellow River Delta to the south of Zhongshan Estuary and from the north of Biandan Estuary to the south of Shuangyang Estuary,the length of coastal siltation and the average rate of siltation decreased greatly in the whole province;the average width of intertidal zone in coastal areas has been shortened in varying degrees,the intensity of beach reclamation was an important factor.