稻鳖共作模式中的土壤养分动态变化及产量形成

Dynamic Changes of Soil Nutrients and Yield Formation in Rice-Turtle Model

为探明稻鳖共作模式中的土壤养分变化及产量形成规律,选取湖南地区常用的两个水稻品种黄华占(H)及Y两优800(Y),设置稻鳖共作模式(T)及常规单作模式(N),以头季稻+再生稻(R)两季种植的方式,通过定时测定土壤中的养分含量变化情况及产量,进行了对比试验.结果表明:T模式中全氮、全磷含量呈"峰"型变化,N模式全程为缓慢下降趋势,相对平均差值为全氮15.3%、全磷16.35%;碱解氮、有效磷及有机质等指标在不同模式间变化趋势相似,相对平均差值为碱解氮5.3%、有效磷6.97%;T模式中有机质含量长期保持较高水平,相对平均差值为6.7%.T模式头季稻平均增产9.75%,再生稻平均增产10.05%.

As a new type of cultivation mode with high yield and high income,rice - turtle fanning is of great significance to agricultural transformation and fanners’ income increase in China. In order to find out the change of soil nutrients and the law of yield formation in rice - turtle farming mode,two common varieties Huanghuazhan ( H ) and Y Liangyou 800( Y) in Hunan were selected to set up rice - turtle fanning mode (T). Compared with the conventional single cropping model (N).the changes of nutrient content and yield in soil were measured regularly by two - season cultivation of first crop rice and ratooning rice ( R). The results showed that the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the T model changed in a “peak” pattern, and that in the N model decreased slowly, with the relative average difference being 15.3% and 16. 35% of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.'Hie variation trends of alkaline nitrogen .available phosphorus and organic matter were similar among different models, with the relative average difference being 5. 3% and 6. 97% of alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus. The content of organic matter remained at a high level for a long time,with a relative average difference of 6. 7%.the average yield of first crop rice and ratooning rice increased by 9. 75% and 10. 05% respectively.