基于村民感知的国家级贫困县旅游脱贫效应研究——以罗霄山区炎陵县为例

Effect Study of Tourism Poverty Alleviation in Poverty-stricken Counties on Villiagers Perception:A Case Study of the Yanling County in Luoxiao Mountains Districts

村民对旅游扶贫效应的感知程度是评判旅游扶贫效果和惠及面的重要指标。随着我国各项旅游扶贫政策和措施落实,很多国家级贫困县通过大力发展旅游业,先后退出了贫困县名单,实现了脱贫摘帽。但旅游扶贫效果的好坏,需要通过村民旅游扶贫效应的感知研究来进行评价。以炎陵县炎帝陵社区为案例地,利用数理统计法和因子分析法,分析了当地村民对旅游扶贫效应的感知和态度。当地村民对旅游扶贫的正面经济效应表示赞同,对负面经济效应也持赞同态度;村民对旅游扶贫带来的积极社会效应感知强烈,但对消极社会效应保持中立态度;同时村民对旅游扶贫的正面环境效应和负面环境效应的感知都非常强烈,且看法一致。这说明旅游扶贫在促进贫困地区脱贫方面起到了很大作用,当地村民能够感知到旅游扶贫带来的积极效应。但同时旅游业的发展也给贫困区带来了很多负面影响。因此,为充分发挥旅游产业的叠加效应和带动效应,持续巩固脱贫成果,降低旅游扶贫产生的负面效应,提出了针对性的改进对策。

Residents'perception of the effect of provety-elimination by tourism is an important indicator for judging the effect of provety-elimination by tourism and benefit.With the implementation of various effect of provety-elimination by tourism policies and measures in China,many state-level poverty-stricken counties have successively withdrawn from the list of poverty-stricken counties through vigorous development of tourism industry,and achieved the goal of getting rid of poverty.However,the effect of provetyelimination by tourism needs to be evaluated through the residents'perceptual on the effect of provety-elimination by tourism.This study takes the Yandi Mausoleum community in Yanling County as a case study,utilizing factors analysis methods and mathematical statistics to study the perceptions and attitudes of local residents on the effect of poverty-elimination by tourism.The research indicates that local residents agree with the positive economic effects of provety-elimination by tourism and agree with negative economic effects;residents have a strong positive social effect on provety-elimination by tourism,but maintain a neutral attitude towards negative social effects;The positive environmental effects and negative environmental effects of provety-elimination by tourism are very strong and consistent.This shows that provety -elimination by tourism plays a big role in promoting poverty alleviation in the poverty-emilination districts.Local residents can perceive the positive effects of provety-elimination by tourism.At the same time,the development of tourism industry has also brought many negative effects to the poor districts.Therefore,in order to give full play to the superposition effect and driving effect of the tourism industry,continue to consolidate the results of provetyelimination and reduce the negative effects brought about provety-elimination by tourism,this study proposes targeted improvement measures.