认知隐喻视角下小说中文化负载词的英译研究——以鲁迅小说《狂人日记》和《药》为例

English Translation of Culture-loaded Words in Novels from the Perspective of the Cognitive Metaphor

文化负载词的英译一直是翻译界的难题,由于中西方文化的巨大差异,译者很难在目的语中找到既达意又符合语言习惯和语言风格的词句,这便给小说英译工作带来了巨大挑战。借用认知隐喻理论探讨文化负载词的英译策略,简要概括隐喻的发展历程和映射机制,分别探讨目的语有对应源域以及缺失对应源域的情况,结合鲁迅小说《狂人日记》和《药》译本中的例句,提出并具体分析文中提出的对应和转换两大类翻译对策。

Translation of culture-loaded words has been a difficult problem or translator for the huge differences between Chinese and western culture,which has made translator hard to find words that are coherent to the sauce text,its habit and its language style,bringing huge challenges to the work of English translation.Under the guidance of cognitive metaphor theory,this paper discusses the strategies of translating culture -loaded words into English.Firstly,it introduces the development and the mapping mechanism of metaphor,and then discusses two different cases:the corresponding source domain can or can not be found in target language.Finally,it put forward strategies of translation-corresponding and transformation-by analysing several sentences from Lu xun novels A Madman's Diary and Medicine.