淮河流域秸秆焚烧关键期主要大气污染物浓度时空分布特征

Spatiotemporal characteristics of criteria air pollutants during the critical period of straw burning in Huaihe River Basin

基于2015年6月淮河流域卫星遥感监测火点信息、环境空气质量监测数据和常规气象观测资料,利用ANUSPLIN和ArcGISKriging方法对气象要素和主要大气污染物浓度空间栅格化,分析了秸秆焚烧关键期内AQI和主要污染物浓度的时空变化特征及其与气温、相对湿度、风速等气象要素的相关关系。结果表明:秸秆焚烧关键期内,淮河流域城市AQI、PM10与PM2.5浓度均明显升高,且与卫星监测火点具有一定时空响应关系。在时间变化上,AQI、PM10与PM2.5浓度6月上中旬呈波动上升,6月下旬趋于回落;在空间分布方面,AQI、PM10与PM2.5浓度三者分布形态相似,总体上呈现"南低北高、两高一低"分布特征;期间AQI、PM10与PM2.5浓度与气温呈显著正相关,与相对湿度呈显著负相关,与风速的相关性不显著。

Based on monitoring data of satellite remote-sensing fire point,air quality and meteorological parameters during June in2015,we used the ANUSPLIN and Kriging interpolation methods to grid air quality index (AQI) and mass concentrations of criteria air pollutants,and then we analyzed their spatiotemporal characteristics and correlations with air temperature,relative humidity,and wind speed during the critical period of straw burning in Huaihe River Basin.The results show that the AQI and mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 increase significantly during the straw burning period,which corresponds to the spatiotemporal variation of satellite fire monitoring points on a certain degree.The AQI,PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations increase with fluctuations in the early and middle June and tend to decline in late June.The spatial distributions of AQI,PM10 ,and PM2.5 concentrations are similar to each other,and are characterized by patterns of "low in the south and high in the north" and "two high and one low".The AQI,PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations had a significantly positive correlation with air temperature,negative correlation with relative humidity,and no significant correlation with wind speed.