浙江省分钟降水自记纸信息化数据与人工读取数据的对比及适用性分析

Comparison of Digitizing Precipitation Data from Autographic Record Paper and Manual Reading Data and Its Application

为了探讨信息化分钟降水自记纸数据在短历时下的适应能力,对比评估了1980—2000年浙江省19个国家基本(准)站信息化后的分钟降水自记纸数据和同期人工读取降水数据。利用滑动求和的方法提取信息化分钟降水不同历时下每年最大降水量,并使用偏差百分率、方差比、偏差概率、相关分析等统计方法,对比分析了信息化后的分钟降水自记纸数据与人工读取数据的时空特征差异及信息化数据的适用性。研究结果表明:信息化后的分钟降水数据与人工观测数据的结果在整体及单次降水过程中的表现较为一致,数值上整体略偏小,相关系数达到0.99。30min以上历时信息化后分钟数据与人工校核数据非常接近,且稳定性很高。信息化后分钟数据计算结果比人工读取结果更为客观,可以较好地代替人工读取结果的同时,有效地弥补了自动气象站建站之前逐分钟降水资料记录的空缺,为计算暴雨强度公式、设计暴雨雨型等需要长时间序列分钟降水的研究工作奠定了基础。

In order to explore the adaptability of digitizing minute precipitation autographic record paper data in short durations, the data of minute precipitation autographic record paper data of 19 meteorological stations in Zhejiang Province from 1980 to 2000 were compared and evaluated with the precipitation data read manually in the same period in this paper. The sliding summation method was used to extract the maximum annual precipitation of digitizing minute precipitation in different period. In addition, statistical methods such as percent deviation, variance ratio, probability of deviation and correlation analysis were adopted to compare and analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of manual reading data and minute precipitation self-recording data processed by computer. The results show that minute precipitation data processed by computer and manual observation data are consistent in the whole and single precipitation process, and the overall value is slightly smaller. The correlation coefficient of minute precipitation data processed by computer and manual observation data is 0.99. However, the minute data processed in this paper over 30 minutes are very close to the manual calibration data and have high stability. The results of digitizing minute data are more objective than those of manual reading. It can be seen that digitizing minute data can replace the manual reading results and effectively make up for the vacancy of the long-term sequence data of the precipitation data before the automatic station construction in China. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the rainstorm intensity formula and design the rainstorm type research.