半干旱区耐密稳产玉米品种的评价及筛选

Evaluation and Selection of Stable and Density Tolerance Maize Vvarieties in Semiarid Area

以10个玉米品种为筛选材料,在吉林省西部地区开展耐密稳产玉米品种的筛选。对参选玉米品种在2个密度下的生育进程、植株性状、果穗以及产量性状等进行综合评价。结果表明,适宜的花期和吐丝期间隔,有利于玉米植株的授粉。密度的增加使植株干重显著下降,经济系数变小,植株的空秆率显著升高,植株的株高和穗位高发生变化。随着种植密度的增加,单株籽粒数显著减少,收获时籽粒的含水率显著降低。综合诸多因素,筛选出的耐密稳产玉米品种有吉东59、先玉335、登海605和陕单618。

Taking 10 maize varieties as the screening material,the selection of maize varieties with stable and density tolerance was carried out in the western area of Jilin Province.The growth process,plant characters,fruit ears and yield characters of maize varieties under two densities were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the suitable interval between flowering and silking was conducive to pollination of maize plants.With the increase of density,the dry weight of the plant decreased significantly,the economic coefficient decreased,the vacancy rate of the plant increased significantly,and the plant height and spike height changed significantly.With the increase of planting density,the number of seeds per plant decreased significantly,and the water content of seeds decreased significantly during harvest.Based on various factors,the maize varieties with stable production resistance to mildew were selected,including Jidong 59,Xianyu 335,Denghai 605 and Shandan 618.