海南省农业气象自动站土壤水分分布特征

Soil Moisture Distribution Characteristics of Automatic Agricultural Meteorological Observatory in Hainan Province

利用海南省18个农业气象自动观测站土壤水分状况观测资料,分析了海南省农业气象自动站土壤水分分布特征。结果表明,土壤质地分为黏土、黏壤土和砂土三大类,以黏土、黏壤土为主;凋萎系数的大小与土壤质地、测定作物品种有关,凋萎系数从小到大顺序排列为细砂土、粉砂土、粉壤土、黏壤土、黏土。不同土壤质地间土壤容重差别不大,土壤容重随土壤深度加深而略有增加;黏土田间持水量最大,其次为黏壤土、砂黏土、粉砂土、粉壤土,田间持水量最少的是细砂土。

The automatic observation data of the soil moisture from 18 automatic agricultural meteorological observatories in Hainan Province were used to analyze the soil moisture distribution characteristics in Hainan Province.The results showed that the soil texture in Hainan Province was divided into three categories(clay,clay loam and sand soil),and the main categories were clay and clay loam.The wilting coefficient was related with the soil texture and the determined crop varieties.The wilting coefficients arranged from small to large were fine sand soil,silty soil,silt loam,clay loam,and clay.There was little difference of soil bulk density among different soil textures,and it increased with the soil layer depth.The value of the field capacity was largest in clay,followed by clay loam,sand clay,silty soil and silt loam,and the smallest was fine sand soil.