泥沙输移问题研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospect on Sediment Transport

泥沙输移问题一直是国内外泥沙学者研究的热点问题。通过回顾推移质泥沙起动输移特性、悬移质运动规律,分析阐述了泥沙输移领域的一些主流研究成果、存在的不足及今后研究的热点及难点。认为近底瞬时作用流速、床面泥沙非均匀性及床面泥沙随机分布规律仍将是当前及今后研究的热点和方向;群体泥沙颗粒间的相互作用是揭示推移质群体运动机理的重要基础及前提;悬移质泥沙输移理论尚不成熟的主要原因,仍然是对泥沙颗粒悬浮、扩散与交换机理认识不清。

Sediment transport is a hot topic for a very long time and has been studied by researchers all over the world. This paper briefly reviews the characteristics of bed load incipient motion,transport and the motion of suspended sediment. We analyzed some mainstream research results,the shortcomings and the hotspots as well as difficulties in the field of sediment transport in the future. It is believed that the near-bottom flow velocity,non-uniformity and random distribution law of bed grain will still be the hot spots and directions of current and near future research. The interaction between group sediment particles will also be an important factor to reveal the mechanism of bed load motion. Unclear understanding of the mechanism of suspension,diffusion and exchange of sediment particles is the main reason for the immature theory of suspended sediment transport,and it is also a difficult and hot issue in the field of river dynamics.