蓖麻枝叶形态特征对蒴果性状的影响

Effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in Ricinus communis on capsule characteristics

为给蓖麻高产栽培提供参考,以‘淄蓖5号’为材料,测定蓖麻枝叶形态特征指标(开花时叶面积、灌浆期叶面积、收获时分枝直径)和蒴果性状指标(每穗果球数、果球质量、每果球种子数、种子质量、穗长、穗宽),分析蓖麻枝叶形态特征对蒴果性状的影响。相关性分析结果表明,按蓖麻枝叶形态特征的影响由大到小排序,各蒴果性状指标依次为果球质量、每穗果球数、种子质量、每果球种子数、穗长、穗宽。回归分析结果表明,蓖麻分枝直径对每穗果球数、果球质量变异的解释程度分别为31%、37%;开花时叶面积对每穗果球数、每果球种子数变异的解释程度分别为53%、51%;灌浆期叶面积对种子质量变异的解释程度为51%;开花时叶面积、灌浆期叶面积和收获时分枝直径对每穗果球数、果球质量、每果球种子数、种子质量变异的解释程度分别为67%、68%、76%、79%。修枝时保留粗壮枝条有利于获得更多果球、更大果球质量,开花时保持较大的叶片面积是获得更多果球和种子的重要保障,保持灌浆期较大叶面积利于获得饱满的种子。

In order to provide some references for high-yield cultivation in Ricinus communis, the study used ‘Zibi No.5’ as materials, and measured some morphological characteristic indexes of branches and leaves (leaf areas at flowering stage, leaf areas at filling stage, and branch diameter at harvest stage) and capsule characteristic indexes (capsule number per ear, capsule mass, seed number per capsule, seed mass, ear length and ear width). The study analyzed effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in R. communis on capsule characteristics. The results of correlation analysis showed that, effects of morphological characteristics of branches and leaves in R. communis from high to low, order of each capsule characteristic index was capsule mass, capsule number per ear, seed mass, seed number per capsule, ear length, ear width. The results of regression analysis showed that interpretation degrees of branch diameter on variation of capsule number per ear and capsule mass were 31% and 37%, respectively. Interpretation degrees of leaf area at flowering stage on variation of capsule number per ear and seed number per capsule were 53% and 51%, respectively. Interpretation degree of leaf area at filling stage on variation of seed mass was 51%. Interpretation degrees of leaf area at flowering stage, leaf area at filling stage, and branch diameter at harvest stage on variation of capsule number per ear, capsule mass, seed number per capsule and seed mass were 67%, 68%, 76%, 79%, respectively. In pruning, retaining thick branches was more conducive to obtaining more and larger capsules. Maintaining larger leaf area at flowering stage was an important guarantee for obtaining more capsules and seeds. Maintaining larger leaf area at the filling stage was advantageous for obtaining full seeds.