观赏桃未成熟胚子叶再生植株的研究

Study on plantlet regeneration from immature embryonic cotyledons in ornamental peach

为了建立观赏桃的组织培养体系,加快观赏桃的育种进程,以观赏桃品种‘合欢二色’盛花后70d未成熟胚子叶为外植体,探讨了不同消毒方式、不同植物生长调节剂、不同时间的低温暗培养等因素对胚子叶再生的影响情况。结果表明:对子叶的最佳消毒方式是先用75%的酒精消毒30s,然后用0.1%的升汞消毒6min,污染率可控制在16.67%,成活率最高达65.13%;诱导愈伤组织的最适培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg·L^-1+NAA0.2mg·L^-1,出愈率最高为92.5%;最适不定芽分化培养基为1/2MS+6-BA0.5mg·L^-1+IBA0.3mg·L^-1,不定芽分化率最高为34.4%;低温暗培养可促进不定芽的生根,暗培养14d时不定芽的生根率为21.4%。

In order to establish a tissue culture system of ornamental peach, to accelerate breeding process, we used immature embryonic cotyledons (70 days after full blooming) in ‘Hehuan Ersetao’ as explants, and researched effecting of some factors on regeneration from cotyledons, including different disinfection methods, different plant growth regulators, low temperature and dark treating for different durations. The results showed that 75% alcohol treating for 30 s and then 0.1% mercury bichloride treating for 6 min had the best disinfection effect on cotyledons. Pollution rate could be controlled at 16.67%, and survival rate was up to 65.13% by using the disinfection method. The optimal medium for induction of callus was MS+1.0 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.2 mg·L^-1 NAA, with the highest callus rate of 92.5%. The optimal medium for adventitious bud differentiation was 1/2MS+0.5 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.3 mg·L^-1 IBA, with the highest adventitious bud differentiation rate of 34.4%. Low temperature and dark culture could promote rooting of adventitious buds. Rooting rate of adventitious buds was up to 21.4% in 14 days during dark culturing.