超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查联合BRAFV600E检测与甲状腺乳头状癌侵袭性病理特征的相关性

Correlation between Ultrasound-guided Fine-needle Aspiration Combined with BRAFV600E Detection and Invasive Pathological Features of Papillary Thyroid Cancer

目的分析超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查(FNA)结果、BRAFV600E基因突变检测及两者联合与甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)临床病理特征的相关性。方法选取2016年4月至2017年7月行甲状腺结节FNA及BRAFV600E基因突变检测,并经手术病理证实为PTC的患者,分别比较其临床、病理特点与BRAFV600E突变、FNA结果的关系。结果共纳入263例PTC患者,FNA诊断敏感度为86.3%(227/263);BRAFV600E基因突变率为85.9%(226/263),其中甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)突变率为91.1%(153/168),非PTMC突变率为76.8%(73/95)。共225例患者进行淋巴结清扫,淋巴结转移率为35.6%(80/225),其中PTMC转移率为23.8%(34/143),非PTMC转移率为56.1%(46/82);包膜外侵犯的患者占9.9%(26/263)。年龄≥45岁(P=0.043)、FNA诊断为恶性或可疑恶性(P=0.011)、肿瘤最大径≤1 cm(P=0.001)、原发肿瘤分期为T1(P=0.039)者BRAFV600E突变率更高,而不同性别、包膜侵犯情况、淋巴结转移情况下BRAFV600E突变率差异无统计学意义。FNA诊断敏感度在不同临床病理特征下差异均无统计学意义。FNA与BRAFV600E双阳性的患者与其他患者进行比较,在不同临床病理特征下差异均无统计学意义。结论 FNA明确诊断为恶性、BRAF V600E基因突变及两者联合阳性与PTC侵袭性病理特征无相关性,在是否扩大手术范围中的指导价值受限。

Objective To analyze the potential associations of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(FNA),BRAFV600E gene mutation detection,and the combination of these two techniques with the clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid cancer(PTC).Methods Patients with PTC confirmed by surgery from April 2016 to July 2017 were included in this study.The relationship between clinicopathological features and BRAFV600E mutation,FNA results,and the combination of them were explored.Results The sensitivity of FNA was 86.3%(227/263)and the mutation rate of BRAFV600E was 85.9%(226/263)in 263 patients with PTC.The mutation rate of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC)was 91.1%(153/168)and that of non-PTMC was 76.8%(73/95).A total of 225 patients underwent lymph node dissection.The lymph node metastasis rate was 35.6%(80/225),and it was 23.8%(34/143)in PTMC,56.1%(46/82)in non-PTMC;in addition,9.9%(26/263)of PTC patients had extracapsular invasion.BRAFV600E mutation rate was higher in patients with the following features:aged over 45 years(P=0.043);the tumor was FNA diagnosed as malignant or suspected malignant(P=0.011);the tumor had a maximum diameter of ≤1 cm(P=0.001);and the primary tumor was in stage T1(P=0.039);however,there was no significant difference in BRAFV600E mutation rate among patients with different sex,capsule invasion,or lymph node metastasis.The diagnostic sensitivity of FNA was not statistically different under different clinical and pathological characteristics.The clinicopathologic features of FNA and BRAFV600E double-positive patients were not significantly different from those of other patients.Conclusion FNA-confirmed malignancy,BRAFV600E gene mutation,and their double-positive results are not correlated with the invasive pathological features of PTC,and thus their roles in guiding an extended operation(or not)are limited.