湖南辰溪丹山摩崖石刻群考

On the Stone Carvings of Danshan Cliffs in Chenxi,Hunan

位于湖南省辰溪县辰阳镇铜湾溪村的丹山临江崖壁上,分布着一处面积超过1500平方米的摩崖石刻群,汇集了包括明、清、民国三朝约400年历史中的近20方石刻,其中保存较为完好的主要有明人胡松的“壁立万仞”“钟鼓洞”、徐珊的“夳古遗音”、徐廷绶的“碧水丹山”、清代无名氏的“丹山洞”、民国田镇藩的“五溪锁钥”题刻,和明人曾才汉的《奉和阳明先生题钟鼓洞韵》、陶钦夔的《过钟鼓洞步阳明先生韵》、郑烛的《过钟鼓洞步阳明先生韵》诗刻。丹山摩崖石刻群的形成,得益于丹山所处大酉山的名山效应、王阳明的名人效应以及丹山所处的地理位置与地形特点。丹山摩崖石刻群因其历史悠久、规模宏大、形态多样、艺术价值高,而于2011年被列入湖南省文物保护单位。

On the cliffs of Danshan Mountain by the Yuanjiang River, in Tongwanxi Village, Chenyang Town of Chenxi County,Hunan Province,there are groups of stone carvings of Chinese characters with an area of more than 1,500 square meters,including 20 well-preserved ones made through 400-year history from the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the Republic of China(1368-1949),such as "Bi Li Wan Ren" and "Zhong Gu Dong" by Hu Song,"Tai Gu Yi Yin" by Xu Shan,and "Bi Shui Dan Shan" by Xu Tingshou from the Ming Dynasty;the "Dan Shan Dong" by an anonymous person from the Qing Dynasty;and the"Wu Xi Suo Yao" by Tian Zhenfan from the Republic of China;as well as some Chinese poem inscriptions by Zeng Caihan,Tao Qinkui,and Zheng Zhu from the Ming Dynasty. The formation of the stone carvings on the Danshan cliffs benefits from the effects of the famous hill Dayou and of the celebrity Wang Yangming(a well-known scholar of the Ming Dynasty), and from the geographical location and topographical features of Danshan Mountain. These stone carvings were listed as a cultural relic protection unit of Hunan Province in 2011 due to their long history,large scale,diverse forms and high artistic value,etc.