基于轮轨弓网双耦合的高速受电弓横向减振技术对策

Lateral vibration reduction technical strategy of high-speed pantograph based on wheel-rail and pantograph-catenary dual coupling interactions

鉴于轮轨磨耗与碳滑板磨损双因素影响,构建了轮轨弓网双耦合仿真技术平台,深入研究了高铁车辆的刚柔耦合振动及其对高速受电弓局部高应力的影响。通过典型案例研究表明,高速受电弓存在高周疲劳问题,且有轮轨接触动力作用、碳滑板横向摩擦扰动和流固耦合效应3大影响因素。因此高速转向架的研制应该在统一规范的轮轨匹配条件下科学提升极限速度以降低轮轨接触动力作用。由于商业速度400km/h已接近极限速度,研制高速受电弓必须明确其轻量化设计基本原则,低阶横向弹性模态频率应大于等于12Hz。最后,以复杂约束和内力精准分析为研判高周疲劳的主要依据,提出新一代高速受电弓轻量化结构设计,利用“鸭蛋圆”联接结构形式合理分散上下臂铰接动荷,将高周疲劳转变为静强问题。

Considering the dual-factor influences of wheel-rail contact wear and carbon strip abrasion,the dual coupling simulation technical platform of wheel-rail and pantograph-catenary interactions was formulated so as to study deeply the rigid-flex coupling vibration influences of high-speed rolling stock to the local high stress of high-speed pantograph.The typical case investigations indicated that the high-cycle fatigue problems and three important factors including dynamical interactions of wheel-rail contact,lateral frictional disturbances of carbon strip and fluid-solid coupling effects exist in high-speed pantographs.For the development of high-speed bogie,the limited velocity should be promoted scientifically in the united and normative condition of wheel-rail matching to reduce the dynamical interaction of wheel-rail contact.Since the commercial velocity 400 km/h was very approaching to the limited velocity of high-speed bogie,the primary principle of light-weight design must be stressed in the development of high-speed pantograph,and the lowest-order modal frequency of lateral elastic vibration should be greater than 12 Hz.By taking the inner force precise analyses of complex constraints as the main determinants for high-cycle fatigue problems,the novel construction design of next-generation high-speed pantograph was proposed.By applying the connection structure design like duck s egg,the joint dynamical loads can be decentralized effectively and the high-cycle fatigue can be transferred into static strength problem.