考虑不同截面翼型选取的风电机组叶片优化设计方法

Optimal Design Method for Wind Turbine Blades Considering Aerofoil of Cross-section

传统叶片优化设计中缺乏对截面翼型的考虑,导致叶片设计难以达到最优效果。为解决此问题,提出了考虑不同截面翼型的风电机组叶片优化设计方法,以截面翼型、弦长和扭角为设计变量,以年发电量最大化为目标,兼顾考虑相对厚度和相对弯度限制,建立了叶片参数设计遗传算法优化模型。以某1.5MW风电机组为例,验证所提出优化设计方法的有效性。结果表明:考虑截面翼型等参数优化后的叶片功率系数明显增大;机组特性曲线在较大范围内均能保持在最佳功率系数附近,更易控制在最大风能捕捉效率点运行,从而提升了年发电量;同时,增加考虑相对厚度和相对弯度限制以更贴近实际工程应用。

Most traditional methods for optimizing the blade design have no consideration on the aerofoils of cross-section, which makes the blade design difficult to achieve the optimal solution. To solve this problem, this paper proposed an optimal design method for wind turbine blades considering different cross-section aerofoils. The proposed method took cross-section aerofoils, chord length and torsion angle as design variables, takeing relative thickness and relative camber constraints into consideration and aimed at maximizing annual energy production. Genetic algorithm model for optimizing the design parameters of blades was established. Taking a 1.5 MW wind turbine as example, the proposed design method was verified. The results show that the power coefficient of the optimized blade has been significantly improved by considering the cross-section aerofoils;the power coefficient of wind turbine can be maintained around the optimal value, which makes it easier to control the wind turbine to tracking the power curve and capture the maximum wind energy;and also the annual energy production is increased. At the same time, taking relative thickness and relative camber constraints into consideration makes the method closer to the actual engineering application.