矿井应急通信系统

Mine emergency communication system

分析了现有矿用通信系统用作应急通信系统的可行性:漏泄通信、感应通信、多基站移动通信、广播通信和救灾通信系统不能用作应急通信系统;矿用有线调度通信系统可用作矿井应急通信系统;透地通信系统可用作应急通信系统,但事故会造成长达百余米的井下发射天线损坏,影响井下向地面通信。提出了无线中继矿井应急通信系统:采用多级无线中继,无线传输距离不小于10km;井下电网停电或事故后,由备用电源供电;将基站、基站电源、基站电缆设置在机电硐室或加以防护;天线馈线埋入巷道,天线采用弧形或流线型结构紧贴巷帮或顶板;天线、基站及其电源、天线馈线、电缆等采用防水、防高温、防冲击设计;基站采用冗余布置。提出了无线+有线双链路矿井应急通信系统:具有有线和无线路由自动选择功能;有线网络结构宜选用抗故障能力强的星形结构、双树形结构或树形结构;双树形结构的电缆或光缆应设置在不同的巷道,或采用不同的电缆或光缆;基站与地面调度室之间没有需要供电的设备;采用树形或双树形结构的光缆时,应选用无源光网络。

Feasibility of using existing mine communication system as emergency communication system was analyzed. Leakage communication system, inductive communication system, multi-base station mobile communication system, broadcast communication system and rescue communication system cannot be used as emergency communication system. Mine wired dispatching communication system can be used as mine emergency communication system. Through-the-earth communication system can be used as emergency communication system, but the accidents can cause more than 100 meters of underground transmission antenna damage and affect underground communication to the ground. A wireless relay mine emergency communication system was put forward which adopts multi-stage wireless relay and the wireless transmission distance is not less than 10 km. Backup power supply should be provided after undereground power cut or an accident. Base stations, base station power, and base station cable should be set in an electromechanical chamber or protected. Antenna feeders are buried in laneway, and use an arc or streamline structure to flattened itself against the laneway wall or roadway roof. Antenna, base station and its power supply, antenna feeder, cable, etc. are designed with waterproof, high temperature and shock resistance. Base stations adopt redundant arrangement. Mine emergency communication system based on wireless and wired dual links was put forward which has the function of automatic routing for wired and wireless lines. The wired network structure is recommended to use a structure with strong anti-fault capability, such as star network structure, double tree network structure or tree network structure. Double-tree cables or optical cables should be installed in different roadways, or different cables or optical cables should be used. Between the base station and the ground dispatching room, there is no equipment that needs to be powered. Passive optical networks should be selected for optical cables with tree or double tree network structures.