棉花分层施肥机的研制与试验

Developing and Test of Cotton layered Fertilizer Application Machine

针对新疆棉花现有的施肥模式,存在肥料利用率低,在土壤深处分布不均匀等问题。设计一种能够实现开沟、分层施肥、覆土等连续一体化作业的棉花精准对行分层施肥作业机。该机械防堵性能好、施肥深度稳定、可实现种肥同行且肥量稳定。对棉花精准对行分层施肥机进行了田间试验,试验结果为:断条率为0,施肥平均深度为8cm与13cm,施肥均匀度变异系数为6.5%,上、下层肥量比为2:3,施肥量为25kg/667m2,节肥37.5%。

There are problems such as low fertilizer utilization efficiency and uneven distribution in deep soil in present cotton fertilization model in Xinjiang. Aiming at these problems, a new type of cotton precission opposite layered fertilization mechinery that can realize continuous intergration operation including ditching, layered fertilization and earthing was developed. This machine has charactoristica such as good performance of anti-blocking, stable fertilization depth and srable fertilizer quantity. The result of test on this machine shows that, the strip breaking rate is 0, the average fertilization depth is 8 cm and 13 cm, the coefficient of variation of fertilizer uniformity is 6.5%, the upper and lower fertilizer ratio is 2:3, the rate of fertilizer application is 25 kg/667m2, 37.5% of fertilizer can be saved through application of this machine.