尊重视域下学生学习期望的政策研究——以上海市为例

A Policy Study on Students’ Learning Expectations Viewed from Respect: A Case of Shanghai

当前无论是初中生、高中生还是大学生,除家长与教师对他们的学习期待之外,他们对自己的学习也都有一定的期望。三者期望虽各有不同,但其本质却都反映为成绩至上。从尊重是主观和客观的统一性角度来看,在成绩至上心理的主导下,教师和家长均缺乏对学生内在学习期望的了解与关注。同时,教育投入的高成本与高风险,亦使得干涉、代替、剥夺学生学习期望的行为频发。事实上,学生的学习期望并没受到家长或教师等成人群体的尊重,这将会对学生的后期发展形成严重阻碍。可通过普遍开设家长讲堂、探索创建学生生涯指导机制、进一步完善新高考制度、建立多元社会媒体平台等方法,来缓解成绩至上的社会心理,增进成人群体对学生学习期望的了解与理解,推动尊重意识的形成,以让学习回归兴趣的本源,并使学习期望充分发挥引导学生学习积极性的作用。

Currently,besides expectations from parents and teachers,students in secondary schools and colleges all hold certain expectations of learning.Although their expectations differ,they are centered on merit-priority.Given that respect is the unity of subjectivity and objectivity,dominance of merit-priority mentality and lack of understanding and attention to students' intrinsic learning expectations from parents and teachers,plus high cost and risks,usually lead to frequent interference,substitution and deprivation of students' learning expectations.The fact that learning expectations of students are not respected by adults like parents and teachers tends be a huge hindrance to the future development of students.To deal with this problem,it's suggested that merit-priority mentality should be alleviated,understanding of students' learning expectations be enhanced among adult groups,and mutual respect be recognized by giving lectures to parents,exploring a career guidance institution for students,improving the new Gaokao system and establishing multiple social media.In doing so,learning will go back to interest and learning expectations will play positive roles in students' learning.