论元代文人与僧人关系的新变

On Variation of the Relationship between the Literati and the Monks in the Yuan Dynasty

元代以前,在文人与僧人之间的交往中,文人多居于主导地位,僧人多居于次要位置。文人对待僧人的态度大体上有方外之友、统释入儒、鄙视排斥三种情况。这种状况在元代发生了变化:儒释之间平等交游成为普遍现象。元朝的宗教政策、用人政策、文人心态是元代文人与僧人关系新变得以发生的主要原因。

Before the Yuan Dynasty, during the exchanges between the literati and the monks, the literati were dominant, and the monks were mostly in the secondary position. The attitude of the literati to the monks was generally divided into three categories: friendly, unified and exclusive. This situation changed in the Yuan Dynasty--equal friendship between Confucianism and Buddhism has become a common phenomenon. The religious policy, the employment policy and the literati mentality in the Yuan Dynasty were the main reasons why the relationship between the literati and the monks in the Yuan Dynasty changed.