铁路隧道防灾疏散救援技术应用探讨

Discussion on the application of disaster prevention evacuation and rescue technology in railway tunnels

通过对国内铁路隧道防灾疏散救援技术的发展及现状进行调研,阐述我国铁路隧道防灾救援结构的主要形式,并结合国内外紧急救援站的差异,分析典型铁路隧道防灾救援工程的具体设计。结果表明,双线铁路隧道建议采用中间设置类似平导隧道的救援站形式;在防灾通风设计中,应对防护门和电动风阀进行联动设计,且对其响应时间予以考虑;特殊类型的隧道需考虑自然风的影响;建议采用横向滑移式防护门。研究成果可为我国铁路隧道防灾救援疏散技术的应用提供参考。

The development and present situation of disaster prevention, evacuation and rescue technology of railway tunnels at home and abroad are investigated, and the main forms of disaster prevention and rescue structures of railway tunnels in China are expounded. Moreover, combined with the differences of emergency rescue stations at home and abroad, the concrete design of disaster prevention and rescue engineering of typical railway tunnels is analyzed. The results show that it is suggested that the rescue station with parallel guide tunnel should be set in the middle of doubletrack railway tunnel;the linkage design of protective door and electric air-valve should be carried out in the design of disaster prevention ventilation, and the response time should be considered;the influence of natural wind should be taken into account in the special type of tunnels;the lateral sliding protective door should be adopted. The research results can provide reference for the application of disaster prevention, rescue and evacuation technology for railway tunnels in China.