少突胶质细胞在缺血性白质损伤中的作用:细胞-细胞相互作用

Role of oligodendrocytes in ischemic white matter injury: cell-cell interaction

少突胶质细胞是脑白质中主要的神经胶质细胞,在正常情况下形成髓鞘包围轴突,有利于快速神经传导。脑缺血后,少突胶质细胞死亡增多,导致白质功能障碍。白质修复与少突胶质细胞前体细胞增殖和成熟分化的能力相关。然而,少突胶质细胞增殖和分化可能并非白质损伤修复的唯一机制。现有研究表明,白质修复需要整个神经血管单元中的神经元、神经胶质细胞和血管内皮细胞之间的协同作用。

Oligodendrocytes are the major glial cells in the white matter of brain. Under normal circumstances, they form myelin sheaths around axons, which are conducive to rapid nerve conduction. After cerebral ischemia, the death of oligodendrocytes increases, leading to white matter dysfunction. White matter repair is associated with the ability of proliferation and mature differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. However, oligodendrocyte proliferation and differentiation may not be the only mechanism of white matter damage repair. Existing studies have shown that white matter repair requires synergistic action among neurons, glial cells and vascular endothelial cells in the whole neurovascular unit.