上海市社区老年人生命质量评估及相关因素分析

Quality of life assessment for elderly residents in Shanghai communities and relevant influence factors

目的评价上海老年人的生命质量及可能的关联因素.方法2014年8-10月采用整群抽样结合单纯随机抽样的方法,抽取上海市3家社区卫生服务中心健康档案登记在册的60岁及以上老年人,共4395人,进行横断面问卷调查,使用生命质量调查量表(中文版SF-12量表)评估老年人生命质量及相关因素.结果回收有效问卷4350份,有效回收率为92.2%.生命质量中生理总评分(PCS)得分为(50.1±10.1)分;心理总评分(MCS)得分为(47.3±7.9)分.老年人生命质量的相关因素,其影响从大到小依次为:抑郁症状(B=-8.41)、生活自理情况(B=7.45)、疾病总分(B=-1.91)、是否参加户外活动(B=1.89)、每月医疗花费占总花费比例(B=-1.72)、社交总分(B=-1.48)、性别(B=-1.37)、文化程度(B=-1.03)及年龄(B=-0.93).结论上海市郊区的老年人生命质量较高,但在心理总分方面仍有待提高.老年人生命质量的相关因素主要为是否有抑郁症状、生活自理情况、疾病总分、每月医疗花费占总花费比例、是否参加户外活动等.

Objective To assess quality of life in elderly in Shanghai communities and to analyze relevant influence factors. Methods The quality of life and relevant influence factors of 4 395 residents aged 60 years or older who were registered in the health records of three community healthcare centers in Shanghai were investigated through questionnaire survey. Results Total 4 350 valid questionnaire were retrieved with a response rate of 99.0%. The mean physical component summary scale (PCS) score was (50.1±10.1) and the mean mental component summary scale (MCS) score was (47.3±7.9). Factors influencing the quality of life in order of importance were depressive symptom(B=- 8.41), self-care ability(B==7.45), disease score(B=- 1.91), participating in outdoor activities(B= 1.89), proportion of medical expenses over income(B=-1.72), social intercourse score(B=-1.48), gender(B=-1.37), education level(B=-1.03) and age(B=-0.93). Conclusion The quality of life in elderly residents of Shanghai is relatively high, but the mental components of quality of life need to be further improved.