基于保护动机理论的腰背肌锻炼培训方案减轻ICU护士慢性腰背痛的效果

Effects of lumber and back muscle exercise training program based on the theory of protective motivation on intensive care unit nurses with chronic low back pain

目的评价基于保护动机理论的腰背肌锻炼培训方案减轻护士慢性腰背痛的效果及对恐惧-回避信念的改善效果.方法于2017年4—6月采用便利抽样法选择某三级综合医院ICU患有慢性腰背痛的40名护士,基于保护动机理论设计实施腰背肌锻炼培训方案并进行干预.分别于干预前、干预后8周采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)、腰椎功能障碍量表(RMDQ)、中文版恐惧-回避信念量表评价培训方案的实施效果.结果干预8周后,护士的慢性腰背痛VAS评分由(4.60±1.17)分下降到(2.58±0.96)分,RMDQ评分由(10.05±4.03)分下降到(4.40±1.46)分,恐惧-回避信念得分由(65.63±10.49)分下降到(49.28±7.54)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论基于保护动机理论的腰背肌锻炼培训方案可以缓解护士慢性腰背痛的症状,同时能够降低护士在面对潜在可引起慢性腰背痛的操作或行为时的恐惧-回避信念水平.

Objective To evaluate the effects of lumber and back muscle exercise training program based on the theory of protective motivation on nurses' chronic low back pain and improving effect on the fear-avoid belief. Methods By convenience sampling, a total of 40 nurses in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in a Class Ⅲ general hospital were selected from April to June of 2017, based on the theory of protective motivation, the back muscle exercise training program was designed and the intervention was carried out. Before intervention and 8 weeks after intervention, Visual Assimilation Scale (VAS), Roland Morris Dysfunction Questionnaire (RMDQ), the Chinese Version of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ-CHI) were used to evaluate the implementation effects of the training program. Results 8 weeks after intervention, the nurses' score of chronic low back pain in VAS dropped from (4.60±1.17) to (2.58±0.96), RMDQ score dropped from (10.05±4.03) to (4.40±1.46), and FABQ score dropped from (65.63±10.49) to (49.28±7.54), all with statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The training program based on the theory of protective motivation can alleviate the symptoms of chronic low back pain and reduce the fear-avoidance belief level of nurses when facing operation or behavior that may potentially cause chronic low back pain.