胰岛素泵控制血糖患者的人格特质与心理困扰的相关性

Correlation analysis between personality traits and psychological distress in patients on insulin pump treatment for blood glucose control

目的探讨不同人格特质的胰岛素泵控制血糖患者心理困扰程度,分析人格特质与心理困扰的相关性.方法采用便利抽样法选取2018年1—12月接受胰岛素泵治疗的糖尿病患者175例为研究对象,采用中文版艾森克人格问卷简式量表(EPQ-RCS)和简易心理状况评定量表(Kessler10)评价患者人格特质和心理困扰程度,采用Pearson相关分析人格特质与心理困扰程度的相关性.采用多元线性回归分析患者心理困扰的影响因素.结果根据EPQ-RCS量表评分结果,175例佩戴胰岛素泵控制血糖患者中抑郁质43例,黏液质48例,胆汁质41例,多血质43例.175例患者的心理困扰得分(25.77±4.52)分,处于中度心理困扰水平.其中,无心理困扰者33例占18.86%,轻度占32.57%,中度占38.29%,重度占10.29%.Pearson相关分析显示,心理困扰程度与EPQ-RCS量表中精神质(P)、神经质(N)呈负相关(r值分别为-0.602、-0.562;P<0.05),与内外向(E)和掩饰性(L)无相关性(P>0.05).回归分析发现胰岛素泵控制血糖患者心理困扰的影响因素包括P维度和N维度得分、合并抑郁、佩戴胰岛素泵时长、糖化血红蛋白水平.结论采用胰岛素泵控制血糖的患者存在一定程度的心理困扰,人格特质为多血质的患者最轻,抑郁质的患者最为严重.医护工作者应该根据不同的人格特质,有针对性地进行心理干预.

Objective To explore the degree of psychological distress in patients with different personality traits who receive insulin pump treatment to control blood glucose, and analyze the correlation between them. Methods A total of 175 diabetic patients on insulin pump from January to December of 2018 were selected by convenience sampling. Chinese Version of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale (EPQ-RSC) and Kessler' Non-specific Psychological Distress Scale (K10) were used to evaluate the patients' personality features and psychological distress level, and the correlation between them was analyzed by Pearson Correlation analysis. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of patients' psychological distress. Results According to the results of EPQ-RCS, 43 of 175 patients with insulin pump for blood sugar control were melancholic, 48 were phlegm, 41 were bilious and 43 were sanguineous. The psychological distress score of 175 patients was (25.77±4.52), which was at the level of moderate psychological distress. Among them, 33 patients without psychological distress accounted for 18.86%, 32.57% were mild, 38.29% were moderate and 10.29% were severe. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the degree of psychological distress was negatively correlated with "psychoticism (P)" and "neuroticism (N)" in EPQ-RCS (r=-0.602,-0.562;P<0.05), but was not correlated with "extroversion (E)" and "concealment (L)"(P>0.05). Regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of psychological distress in patients with insulin pump treatment included P and N dimension scores, depression, duration of insulin pump wearing and the level of glycosylated hemoglobin. Conclusions The patients who use insulin pump to control blood glucose have some degree of psychological distress. The patients with sanguineous temperament have the lightest distress and the patients with melancholic temperament are the most serious. According to different personality traits, medical workers should conduct targeted psychological intervention.