喷砂联合飞秒激光蚀刻对纯钛表面理化性能的影响

Effect of sandblasting combined with femtosecond laser-etching on surface physicochemical properties of pure titanium

目的:纯钛表面喷砂处理后,利用飞秒激光蚀刻形成表面周期性微结构,初步评价其表面理化性能。方法:12个直径10 mm、厚4 mm的纯钛圆片样本,根据表面处理方式,随机分为喷砂组(S组)、喷砂酸蚀组(SA组)、喷砂飞秒激光蚀刻组(SL组)。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、激光共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)、高温润湿角测量仪,分析3种钛表面的表面形貌、化学成分、粗糙度及润湿性。采用SPSS19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:SEM及CLSM观察显示,飞秒激光在喷砂钛表面蚀刻出均匀整齐的周期性微米级结构,SL组钛表面呈二级粗糙度复合结构。EDS分析显示,SL组钛表面Al元素减少(SL组4.37%<S组5.18%<SA组7.27%),O/Ti比值增加(SL组1.74>SA组0.32>S组0)。表面粗糙度测量显示,SL组钛表面粗糙度显著增大[SL组(7.33±0.38)μm>SA组(1.08±0.12)μm>S组(1.05±0.14)μm](P<0.001);表面静态接触角测量显示,SL组钛表面静态接触角显著减小[SL组(34.4±2.5)°<SA组(65.0±2.9)°<S组(83.7±2.6°)](P<0.001)。结论:喷砂联合飞秒激光蚀刻纯钛表面具有优良的理化性能,是一种具有潜力的钛种植体表面改性技术。

PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to generate periodic microstructures on pure titanium surface by femtosecond laser-etching after sandblasting,and to assess the physicochemical properties of its surface.METHODS:Twelve pure titanium discs with diameter of 10 mm and thickness of 4 mm were used and divided into 3 groups according to different surface treatment methods:group S(sandblasting surface),group SA(sandblasting surface with acid-etching),and group SL(sandblasting surface with femtosecond laser-etching).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology.X-ray energy spectrum(EDS) was used to observe the surface chemical compositions.Three dimensional surface topography and surface roughness were evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscope(CLSM).The static contact angle was detected by high temperature wetting angle measuring instrument.SPSS19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS:SEM and CLSM showed well-distributed periodic and cyclic microstructure which formed second-order roughness composite structure in group SL.EDS analysis showed that the Al element on SL surface decreased(group SL 4.37% <group S 5.18% <group SA 7.27%),and the ratio of O/Ti increased(group SL 1.74 > group SA 0.32 > group S 0).Surface roughness analysis showed that surface roughness significantly increased in group SL [group SL(7.33±0.38)μm>group SA(1.08±0.12)μm>group S(1.05±0.14)μm](P<0.001).Static contact angle analysis showed that the static contact angle of surface was significantly reduced in group SL [group SL(34.4 ±2.5)° <group SA(65.0 ±2.9)° <group S(83.7 ±2.6)° ](P <0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Sandblasting combined with femtosecond laser-etching of pure titanium surface has excellent surface physicochemical properties and is a promising surface modification technology for titanium implant.