明初朝贡贸易对中国青花瓷制作的影响

The Influence of Tributary Trade on the Production of Chinese Blue-andWhite Porcelain in the Early Ming Dynasty

明初,由于朝廷实行严厉的"海禁"政策,朝贡贸易成为了当时唯一合法的对外贸易方式。中国青花瓷由于深受海外诸国的喜爱和崇尚,成为当时中外朝贡贸易中十分重要的商品货物。明廷为了"投其所好",所生产的青花瓷必须考虑海外诸国的生活习惯、宗教习俗、文化审美等因素,而这些因素对当时中国青花瓷的器物造型、装饰风格、纹饰图案等产生了重要影响。同时,明初朝廷通过朝贡贸易,尤其是郑和下西洋活动,从海外获取了大量的青花钴料,这对当时中国青花瓷的生产发展具有良好的推动作用。

In the early period of the Ming Dynasty,due to the strict"sea ban"policy of the court,tributary trade became the only legal form of foreign trade at that time.By virtue of the love and admiration of overseas countries,blue-and-white porcelain became an extremely significant commodity during the tributary trade between China and foreign countries at that time.In order to"cater to their pleasure",the blue-and-white porcelain produced by the court must consider the living habits,religious customs,cultural aesthetics and other factors of overseas countries.However,these factors exerted great influence on the shapes,decorative styles and patterns of blue-and-white porcelain.In the meantime,the court of the early Ming Dynasty obtained a large amount of blue-and-white cobalt materials from overseas through the tributary trade,especially Zheng He’s Voyage.It promoted the production and development of Chinese blue-and-white porcelain at that time.