243例烧伤创面感染的病原菌分布特点及影响因素分析

Analysis of distribution characteristics and influencing factors of pathogenic bacteria in 243 cases of burn wound infection

目的分析烧伤患者病例特点及创面感染相关影响因素,为防治烧伤创面感染提供参考。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年12月243例烧伤患者的临床资料,总结创面感染病原菌分布及感染相关因素。结果由243例烧伤患者烧伤创面标本中培养出病原菌92株,烧伤创面感染79例,烧伤创面发生细菌混合感染16例。烧伤患者创面感染病原菌主要以铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌为主。Logistic回归分析结果显示:影响烧伤患者发生创面感染的危险因素较多,烧伤严重程度、烧伤后发生低血容量性休克、预防使用抗生素种类、住院时间为危险因素(P<0.05或0.01)。结论烧伤患者创面感染的危险因素有很多,临床上应根据具体情况订定合理预防性措施,以降低感染发生率,提高疗效。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of burn patients and the related factors of wound infection,so as to provide reference for prevention and treatment of burn wound infection. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 243 burn patients from January 2017 to December 2018.Then,the pathogen distribution and related factors of wound infection were summarized. Results 92 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured from burn wound specimens of 243 burn patients,with 79 cases of burn wound infections and 16 cases of burn wound bacterial mixed infections.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli were the main pathogenic bacteria of wound infection in burn patients.Logistic regression analysis indicated that wound infection in burn patients were affected by many risk factors including severity of burn,hypovolemic shock after burns,types of antibiotics used for prevention and length of hospital stay were independent risk factors for wound infection( P <0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion There are a variety of independent risk factors of wound infection in burn patients.Preventive measures should be taken according to the specific situation in order to reduce the incidence of infection and improve the curative effect.