U12型内含子研究

Study on U12 intron

U12型内含子是一类罕见的内含子,主要存在于植物、脊索动物和一些无脊椎动物在内的多种高等真核生物。U12型内含子的剪接依赖于一种次要剪接体U12型剪接体。由于U12型剪接体的剪接效率明显低于主要剪接体U2型剪接体,从而对靶基因形成限速机制,影响靶基因的时空表达。近期的研究不断揭示U12型内含子在机体发育、分化和疾病的发生发展中发挥着重要作用。立足于最新的研究进展,对U12型内含子的特性、剪接机制、数据库资源及其对相关疾病的影响展开叙述。

U12 introns are a rare class of introns,which exist in plants,chordates and many invertebrates.The splicing of U12 introns is dependent on a minor splice,the U12 splice.The splicing efficiency of the U12 introns is significantly lower than that of the U2 introns,a class of primary intron.This transcriptional-rate-limiting mechanism of U12 introns′ splicing affects the spatiotemporal expression of the target genes.Recently,more and more studies have revealed that U12 introns play an important role in the development and differentiation of normal cells,as well as in the development of various diseases.This study described the characteristics of U12 introns,splicing mechanisms,database and their impact on related diseases.