中国现代性的四次浪潮——从“人的发现”到“以人民为中心”

Four Waves of Chinese Modernity——From "Human Discovery" to "People-Centered"

近现代以来,面临复杂多变的国际局势和国内形势,中国人民围绕实现民族独立与富强,进行了艰难求索。在探索的过程中,中国的政治哲学经历了四次现代性的发育,中国的现代性本质上表现为人的现代化,第一次浪潮是从戊戌变法到清末预备立宪,人民的思维方式开始转变;第二次浪潮是辛亥革命时期的三民主义到五四新文化运动时期的科学与民主,人民的思想得到进一步解放;第三次浪潮是中国共产党的成立到新中国成立社会主义改造的完成,群众路线的实施,人民当家做主的地位得到确立;第四次浪潮是改革开放新时期的解放思想实事求是思想路线的确立到新时代的“以人民为中心”,人民对美好生活的需要摆在更加突出的位置。经历了这四次浪潮,中国的政治哲学走向了成熟,为实现中华民族的伟大复兴的中国梦奠定了坚实基础。

Since modern times,China has been confronted with complex and changeable international and domestic situations.The Chinese people have made arduous efforts to achieve national independence and prosperity.In the process of exploration,China′ s political philosophy has undergone four developments of modernity.China′ s modernity essentially manifests itself in the modernization of human beings.The first wave was from the Reform Movement of 1898 to the preparation of constitutionalism in the late Qing Dynasty,and the way of thinking of the people began to change;the second wave was from the Three People′s Principles during the 1911 Revolution to the science and democracy during the May 4th New Cultural Movement,and the people′ s mind was further liberated;the third wave was from the establishment of the Communist Party of China to the formation of New China,and with the completion of the socialist transformation and the implementation of the mass line,the position of the people as masters of the country has been established;the fourth wave is from the establishment of the ideological line of liberation and seeking truth from facts in the new period of reform and opening up to the establishment of "people-centered" in the new era,and the people′s need for a better life is placed in a more prominent position.After these four waves,China′ s political philosophy has matured and laid a solid foundation for realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.