汉语能力义情态动词的多功能性研究:语义地图和语法化的视角

The Study of Multifunctionality of Chinese Modal Verbs Expressing “Ability”:From the Perspective of Semantic Map and Grammaticalization

情态动词的一个显著特征就是它的多功能性。近年来一些语言类型学框架的情态研究采用语义地图的方法来表征这种多功能性,取得了一些成绩。但是以往所构建的语义地图大都是定性的语义地图,这种语义地图的主要缺点是没有反映出各意义或功能之间的权重。本文采用融合了定性和定量信息的二维动态的语义地图模型,来构建汉语能力义情态动词的语义地图。这种语义地图相对于传统的语义地图一是增加了频次的信息,二是增加了环境的信息。因此,它有助于加深对情态范畴的认识。

Multifunctionality is a prominent feature of modal verbs.In recent years,a number of studies of modality within the framework of linguistic typology have made certain achievements by adopting semantic maps to characterize this multifunctionality.However,most of the semantic maps in the previous studies were constructed qualitatively,and could not reflect the weight among meanings or functions.This paper attempts to construct the semantic maps of Chinese modal verbs expressing “ability”by adopting the two-dimensional dynamic semantic map model which integrates qualitative and quantitative information.Compared with the traditional semantic maps,this type of semantic maps contain more information such as the frequency and context.Thus,it helps to deepen our understanding of the category of modality.