随迁子女教育政策执行偏差的多维度分析

Multi-Dimensional Analysis of the Implementation Bias of the Migrant Children’s Education Policy in China

基于随迁子女教育政策的梳理,借助公共政策的分析视角建立了包含利益、技术、体制及环境四个维度的政策执行分析框架,采用质性研究方法探究了北京地区随迁子女教育政策的执行。其结果表现为地方政府对政策的附加式执行背离了教育公平的政策初衷,官方公布的相关数据存在一定的不合理性,并且群体间及群体内部显现出新的教育不平等。研究发现,各执行主体间的利益博弈,政策目标的模糊性和地方政府采用社会管理的执行逻辑,行为联邦制的政治体制以及儒家文化均会作用于政策执行过程并导致偏差。因此,应当从多个层面出发,采取防范和矫正相结合的方法以保障政策执行的效果。

After reviewing the education policy of the migrant children in China, this paper adopts the perspective of public policy to establish an analysis framework, including interest, technology, institutions and environment. It uses empirical data to explore the implementation results of the policy. It is found that the added implementation of local governments has deviated from the policy objective of educational equality. The data published officially on the policy implementation results are somewhat misleading, and the unequal educational opportunities between local and migrant children and within the group of migrant children emerged. The study also indicated that the interest conflict of various interest groups, the ambiguity of policy objectives, the implementation logic of local government using social management, and the political system of behavioral federalism have affected the implementation of the migrant education policy, while the Confucian culture is another factor influencing the policy implementation deeply. This study provides a comprehensive way of analyzing the migrant children’s education policy.