教学楼火灾疏散的标识认知应对规律研究

Research on cognitive coping regularity of evacuation signs in fire of teaching building

为了研究逃生者在疏散标识引导下的火灾疏散效率与逃生认知应对规律,基于实地调研与问卷调查结果,采用Anylogic软件,对常规标识与增设标识2种教学楼火灾疏散情境进行仿真模拟。研究结果表明:在疏散过程中,增设标识能使各疏散出口的疏散时间相对持平,避免了常规疏散中通道过早闲置的现象;人流在一层教学楼的平均疏散时长缩短了约10%,显著缩短了整栋教学楼的疏散时间。据此火灾标识疏散仿真过程与人的认知反应提出了火灾疏散与标识认知应对规律模型。

In order to study the fire evacuation efficiency and cognitive coping regularity of escaper under the guidance of evacuation signs,two kinds of evacuation situations in the fire of teaching building including the conventional signs and adding signs were simulated by using the Anylogic software based on the results of field investigation and questionnaire survey.The results showed that during the evacuation process,adding signs could make the evacuation time of each evacuation exit relatively flat,avoiding the phenomenon that the passage was prematurely idle during the conventional evacuation.The average evacuation time of crowd in the first floor of teaching building reduced by about 10%,which significantly shortened the evacuation time of the whole teaching building.According to the simulation process of fire sign evacuation and people's cognitive response,a model of fire evacuation and cognitive coping regularity of signs was proposed.