运动及运动强度对荷瘤小鼠移植肿瘤生长的影响

The effect of exercise and its intensity on tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice

目的:通过不同运动强度的游泳运动,探讨运动及运动强度对小鼠接种肝癌H22和黑色素瘤B16-F10移植瘤生长的影响及机制。方法:将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、荷瘤对照组、持续有氧组、持续力竭组、荷瘤后有氧组、荷瘤后力竭组6组:其中正常对照组不荷瘤,不采取其他实验措施;所有荷瘤组小鼠均在实验开始1周后接种肿瘤细胞:ICR小鼠接种小鼠肝癌细胞H22,C57BL/6小鼠接种小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16-F10;荷瘤对照组小鼠接瘤建模前后不采取其他实验措施;持续有氧组小鼠每天进行有氧游泳训练,时间从30min逐渐延长至60min,荷瘤后有氧组小鼠从接瘤以后开始进行上述有氧训练;持续力竭组小鼠进行每天负重游泳至力竭的训练,荷瘤后力竭组小鼠从接瘤以后开始进行上述力竭训练。所有组小鼠21d后安乐死,测定其体重、瘤重、胸腺重、脾脏重,计算胸腺指数、脾指数,并检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和脾NK细胞杀伤能力。结果:荷瘤后有氧组ICR小鼠瘤重明显降低(P<0.05),C57BL/6小鼠瘤重没有明显变化,荷瘤后有氧组ICR和C57BL/6小鼠脾指数升高(P<0.001,P<0.01),荷瘤后有氧组ICR小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和脾NK细胞杀伤能力均明显提高(P<0.01,P<0.001),而且ICR小鼠荷瘤后有氧组胸腺指数显著升高(P<0.05),荷瘤后有氧组C57BL/6小鼠胸腺指数没有明显变化;持续力竭组C57BL/6小鼠瘤重显著增加(P<0.05),ICR小鼠瘤重没有明显变化,持续力竭组C57BL/6小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力和脾NK细胞杀伤能力均明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.001),而持续力竭组ICR小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖能力虽有下降趋势,但与脾NK细胞杀伤能力一样,与荷瘤对照组相比无显著性差异,胸腺指数却显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:在实验时间范围内,运动及运动强度对小鼠肿瘤的生长有明显影响,瘤重的变化与运动强度对小鼠脾脏和胸腺功能的影响相关。

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of exercise and its intensity on tumor growth in liver cancer H22 and melanoma B16-F10 tumor-bearing mice. Method: Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control group, tumor-bearing control group, aerobic exercise group, exhaustive exercise group, aerobic exercise after tumor-bearing group and exhaustive exercise after tumor-bearing group. Mice in normal group were not inoculated with tumor cells and not accepted any other experimental measurements. Mice in all other groups were inoculated with tumor cells after one week of experiment (ICR mice were inoculated with liver cancer cells H22 and C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with melanoma cells B16-F10). Mice in tumor-bearing control group did not accept any other experimental measurements before and after tumor cell inoculation, mice in aerobic exercise group were trained with aerobic swim from 30min gradually prolonged to 60min. Mice in aerobic exercise after tumor-bearing group were trained with aerobic swim after tumor cell inoculation. Mice in exhaustive exercise group were trained with swim until exhaustion. Mice in exhaustive exercise after tumor-bearing group were trained with exhaustive swim after tumor cell inoculation. Mice in all groups received euthanasia after 21 days, the body weight, tumor weight, thymus weight, spleen weight were measured and thymus index, spleen index were calculated. The proliferative activity of splenic lymphocyte and cytotoxic ability of splenic natural killer cell (NK cell) were detected. Result: The tumor weight of ICR mice decreased in aerobic exercise group after tumor-bearing group (P<0.05), and of C57BL/6 mice in the same group there was no significantly change. The spleen index of ICR and C57BL/6 mice in aerobic exercise after tumor-bearing group increased (P<0.001,P<0.01 respectively). The proliferative activity of splenic lymphocyte and cytotoxic ability of splenic NK cell of ICR mice increased in aerobic exercise after tumor-bearing group (P<0.01,P<0.001 respectively). The thymus index of ICR mice increased in aerobic exercise after tumor-bearing group(P<0.05), while no significantly change in same group of C57BL/6 mice. The tumor weight of C57BL/6 mice increased obviously in exhaustive exercise group(P<0.05), and no significantly change in same group of ICR mice. Both proliferative activity of splenic lymphocyte and cytotoxic ability of splenic NK cell of C57BL/6 mice decreased in exhaustive exercise group(P<0.05, P<0.001 respectively), while the proliferative activity of splenic lymphocyte of ICR mice showed declined tendency but no significantly change as cytotoxic ability of splenic NK cell in exhaustive exercise group compared with tumor-bearing control group. The thymus index of ICR mice was increased in exhaustive exercise group(P<0.01). Conclusion: The tumor growth of mice was affected by exercise and its intensity during the experimental time, which was related to the function of spleen and thymus of mice.