关于“戏剧性”本质的现象学思考

On the Essence of “Theatricality” from the Perspective of Phenomenology

作为审美属性的"戏剧性"既不等于"戏剧艺术的特性",也不能从戏剧特性中引申出来,更不是戏剧艺术固有的某种客观属性。从现象学的视角来看,作为审美属性的"戏剧性"是在主客相遇时所构成的审美场中缘构发生的一种既扣人心弦又出人意外的性质或关系性存在。只要是"戏剧性的",就是"既扣人心弦又出人意外的",反之亦然。进而言之,"戏剧性"的根底在于人心(人心的深渊是孕育戏剧性的沃壤),其产生之根源在于人的自由本性,其显现的先天根据在于人类共通感。

As an aesthetic concept,“theatricality” is neither equal to “the features of theatre art", nor can it be derived from the features of theatre, nor is it an objective attribute inherent in the object. From the perspective of phenomenology, as an aesthetic attribute,"theatricality" is a kind of exciting and unexpected relationship in the aesthetic field constructed by the encounter between the subject and the object. As long as it is "theatrical", it is "both exciting and unexpected”, and vice versa. In other words, the root of "theatricality” lies in human's spirit (human's spirit is a fertile ground for theatricality), it is ultimately produced by human's nature of freedom, and its innate basis lies in the common sense of humanity (Gemeinsein).