作物种子的营养成分与其萌发特性关系的探讨

Study on the Relationship between Nutrient Composition and Germination Characteristics of Crop Seed

选择7种作物种子,测定百粒重、发芽率以及发芽期间的丙二醛浓度和酶活性指标的变化情况,结果表明,种子粗脂肪与淀粉含量呈负相关,可溶性糖含量与粗脂肪含量和淀粉含量无相关关系。样本间百粒重和4d发芽率区别明显,且二者之间没有相关性;二者主要与粗脂肪含量呈正相关。发芽期间,淀粉类种子MDA含量较低且为逐步上升趋势,脂肪类种子MDA含量较高且为先升后降趋势,并且随粗脂肪含量的增加而升高,随可溶性糖和淀粉含量的增加而降低。淀粉类种子POD活性呈下降趋势,脂肪类种子POD活性变化较复杂,主要随着粗脂肪含量的增加而上升。CAT活性呈逐步上升趋势,SOD活性呈逐步下降趋势,这2个指标的变化趋势在淀粉类种子和脂肪类种子之间没有区别,主要随可溶性糖含量的增加而下降。总体来看,相对于脂肪类种子,淀粉类种子在萌发方面具有一定的优势,生产中可以适当降低播种量。种皮较厚的种子出苗率较高但发芽速度慢,生产中最好采取一定的催芽引发措施,以促进其出苗。

Seven kinds of crop seeds were selected to measure the weight of 100 seeds、germination rate,the change of MDA concentration and enzyme activity index during germination.The results showed that there was a negative correlation between the content of crude fat and starch,while there was no correlation between the soluble sugar content and crude fat and starch.There were significant differences between the samples in 100-grain weight and 4d germination rate,and there was no correlation between them;they were positively correlated with crude fat content.During germination,MDA content of starch seeds was lower and gradually increased,while that of fat seeds was high and increased first then decreased.It was decreased with increase of crude fat content and decreased with the increase of soluble sugar and starch content.POD activity of starch seeds showed a decreasing trend,and POD activity of fat seeds changed more complex,which increased with the increase of crude fat content.CAT activity showed a gradually increasing trend,while SOD activity showed a gradually decreasing trend.There was no difference between starch seeds and fat seeds in the change trend of these two indexes,which mainly decreased with the increase of soluble sugar content.In general,starch seeds have comparative advantage in germination compared with fatty seeds,which can be appropriately reduced the sowing amount in production.The seed with thicker seed coat has higher emergence rate but slower germination rate,so it is better to take some measures to promote germination of seeds in production.