认知语言学视角下的日语“感谢表达”研究

Research on the Expressions of Japanese Gratitude from the Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

语言学界关于日语感谢表达的研究,主要集中在致谢语与致歉语的使用情况上,而从认知语言学视角观察日语感谢表达的研究还较为少见。本文尝试借助认知思维框架,以《现代日语书面语均衡语料库》中抽取的关于感谢表达的实例为数据,着眼于这些表达中出现频率极高的授受动词,并结合日语表达习惯及其蕴含的文化心理,从“视点”的角度,对日语中的感谢表达进行了分析。研究发现,日语中的感谢表达集中体现了日语的“主观性”视点的特点。透过日语感谢表达的形式认清其认知机制,才能更好地指导交际实践。

Research on Japanese gratitude focuses on how to clarify characteristics of expressions, and there seems to be few analyses from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. So the aim of this research is to observe and explain the expressions of Japanese gratitude from the method and view of cognitive linguistic. Based on the linguistic facts from corpus, this study focuses on the frequent appearance of Japanese Benefactive Verbs (or Giving and Receiving verb constructions) and takes cultural backgrounds into consideration. This study has pointed out the expressions of Japanese gratitude is a reflection of Japanese viewpoint, that is to see the world from the speaker's point of view. Only by making the mechanism of Japanese gratitude expressions clear can we enhance students' language abilities and provide some reference for Japanese teaching.