NAEP信息与通信技术素养测评框架、评估设计及启示

Assessment Framework,Evaluation Design and Enlightenment of NAEP Information and Communication Technology Literacy

美国国家教育进展评估(NAEP)是对全美学生在多学科领域的知识与能力进行的最具代表性和持续性的评估。2014年,NAEP首次对技术与工程领域进行单独测评,并将信息与通信技术(ICT)作为测评中的重要组成部分。ICT领域包含“观点与解决方案的构建与交流”“信息搜集”“问题调查”“确认想法和信息”“数字化工具的选择和使用”5个子领域,每个子领域列出了任务样例,这些样例为设计试题的具体任务或问题提供了方向,最终通过基于真实情境的场景题或独立题来测试学生的ICT素养。测评结束后,2019年NAEP还从种族、性别、父母学历以及学校类型等因素,多角度针对学生的ICT水平给出了最新的评估结果。借鉴ICT测评理论与技术,国内在评估与培养学生的ICT素养上可以从整合STEM教育入手,融入ICT知识与技术;改革信息技术课程评价,结合形成性与总结性评价;社会和学校要为学生创设信息空间,提升其数字素养。

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)is the most representative and continuous assessment of students’knowledge and abilities across the United States in a multidisciplinary field. In 2014,NAEP conducted a separate evaluation of the technology and engineering fields for the first time and made information and communication technology (ICT)an important part of the assessment. The ICT field includes five sub-areas of“construction and communication of ideas and solutions”“ information gathering”“ question investigation”“confirmation of ideas and information”“selection and use of digital tools”,and each sub-area lists task examples.These samples provide direction for the specific task or problem of designing the test questions,and ultimately tests the student’s ICT literacy through a real-scenario -based or independent question. After the evaluation,in 2019,NAEP also gave the latest evaluation results to students’ICT level fromvarious aspects such as race,gender,parental education and school type. Drawing on ICT assessment theory and technology,domestic evaluation and training of students’ICT literacy can start with integrating STEM education,integrating ICT knowledge and technology;reforming information technology curriculum evaluation,combining formative and summative evaluation;society and schools should create information spaces for students and enhance their digital literacy.