我国空运后送人员对患者安全文化的调查研究

Current safety culture of air evacuation staff in China

目的分析我国空运后送人员对患者安全文化现况及影响因素,为空运后送过程中患者安全管理提供参考依据。方法采用汉化修订的患者安全文化问卷(PSCHO)于2018年9-12月对军队医院6支空运医疗队及相关人员共77名进行问卷调查,采用EPidata 3.1建立数据库并进行数据双录入核对,应用SPSS 23.0软件对研究结果进行描述性统计分析及单因素方差分析。结果空运后送人员在8个维度总体得分为(4.19±1.05)分,其中不安全行为(3.91±1.19)分、上级重视(3.79±1.09)分、心理安全(3.60±1.19)分、主动报告(3.32±1.23)分,4个维度得分相对较低。不同年龄、学历、职称、工龄、是否参加理论培训的人员的患者安全文化差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在不同年龄、学历、职称、工龄、是否参加空运后送安全培训的人员间各维度差异有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论总体患者安全文化为中等偏上水平,心理安全、主动报告和上级重视3个维度总体得分较低,各级领导应加强重视,加大空运后送人员心理培训力度,帮助其克服“羞耻感”“责罚感”等负性心理,建立差错事故主动上报系统,并对影响患者后送中的安全相关因素制定相应的改进措施。

Objective To analyze the status quo of patient safety culture and its inf luencing factors in order to provide reference for patient safety management during air evacuation. Methods Between September and December of 2018, questionnaires based on the Chinese version of patient safety climate in healthcare organizations(PSCHO)were used to conduct a sur vey among 77 members of air evacuation teams from six militar y hospitals. EPidata 3.1 was used to establish a database for double entr y, while SPSS 23.0 software was chosen to analyze the results of the st udy. Results The overall score of the air evacuation staff in the 8 dimensions was(4.19±1.05), including unsafe behavior(3.91±1.19), at tention f rom superiors(3.79±1.09), psychological safet y(3.60±1.19), and active reporting(3.32±1.23). There was statistically significant difference in patient safety culture between the staffs who were different in age, levels of education, professional titles, length of service and levels of training(P<0.05), there were statistically signif icant differences in the dimensions of different ages, educational background, professional title, length of service and whether they participated in Air evacuation safety training(P>0.05). Conclusion The overall score of patient safety culture is above the average. Scores related to psychological safety, active reporting and attention from superiors are relatively low. Efforts have to be made to improve the psychological training of air evacuation troops in order to help them overcome such negative state of mind as shame or penalty. Active reporting of errors or accidents should be encouraged and measures have to be taken to ensure safety during evacuation.