股骨头坏死动物模型的特点

Features of animal models of osteonecrosis of the femoral head

背景:股骨头坏死的发病机制尚未完全明确,由于缺乏能够可靠地模拟人股骨头坏死各阶段的实验动物模型,阻碍了该疾病预防和治疗的研究进展。目的:总结归纳近年股骨头坏死动物模型建模方法、建模动物的进展和存在的不足,为模型改进提供依据和方向。方法:以"股骨头坏死;动物模型"或"femoral head necrosis;animal model或osteonecrosis of femoral head;animal model"为检索词检索CNKI中国知网数据库和PubMed数据库中2000年1月至2019年4月关于建立股骨头坏死动物模型的相关文献。结果与结论:根据纳入标准共获得51篇文章。近年来有关研究建立股骨头坏死动物模型的文献不多,而且建立的模型大多处在模拟股骨头坏死早期阶段,无法进展到股骨头坏死的主要塌陷阶段,目前尚缺一个理想的高度模拟人股骨头坏死病理过程的动物模型来评价当前的防治方法,故股骨头坏死动物模型仍然是一个需要我们不断完善和改进的难点。

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of femoral head necrosis has not been completely clarified. Due to the lack of experimental animal models that can reliably simulate the various stages of human femoral head necrosis, research in the prevention and treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head is hindered. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the construction methods of animal models of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, advantages and disadvantages of animal models, so as to provide basis and direction for the model improvement. METHODS: Keywords of "femoral head necrosis, animal model or osteonecrosis of femoral head, animal model" were used to search the databases of CNKI and PubMed. The articles related to establishing the animal models of osteonecrosis of the femoral head published between January 2000 and April 2019 were retrieved. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Fifty-one articles eligible for inclusion criteria were included. There are few studies on the establishment of the animal models of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, which mainly simulate the early pathological features of the disease, and unable to progress to the end stage of necrotic mechanical collapse. As the ideal animal model of femoral head necrosis is not yet to be found, the efficacy of new treatments cannot be evaluated, the animal model of femoral head necrosis remains to be a challenging that needs to be improved.