高铁“霸座”民事责任浅析

Analysis on Civil Liability of "Tyrant" on High-speed Train

以运输企业是否履行交付义务为界点,将“霸座”分为旅客就座前被“霸座”和旅客中途起身离开后被“霸座”两种类型。第一种类型下,运输企业对被“霸座”旅客承担违约责任;“霸座”旅客对运输企业承担返还原物的民事责任、侵权责任、违约责任;“霸座”旅客对被“霸座”旅客不承担民事责任。第二种类型下,“霸座”旅客对被“霸座”旅客承担返还占有物的民事责任;运输企业对被“霸座”旅客承担违约责任;“霸座”旅客对运输企业承担返还原物的民事责任、侵权责任、违约责任。

"Tyrant" is divided into two types upon whether the transport enterprise fulfils the delivery obligation as the boundary point-"tyrant" before the passenger takes a seat and "tyrant" after the passenger leaves midway. Under the first type, transport enterprise assumes the liability for breach of contract for the passenger who is "monopolized";the "tyrant" passenger shall bear civil liability for returning the original, tort liability and contract breach liability to the transport enterprise;the "tyrant" passenger bears no civil liability for the passenger who is "monopolized". Under the second type, the "tyrant" passenger bears the civil liability for returning the possession to the passenger who is "monopolized";transport enterprise shall bear the liability for breach of contract for the passenger who is "monopolized";the "tyrant" passenger shall bear civil liability for returning the original, tort liability and contract breach liability to the transport enterprise.