4种药剂防治美国山核桃黑斑病林间药效试验

Field Experiment on Efficacy of Four Fungicides against Black Spot in Carya illinoensis

为有效防治美国山核桃黑斑病的发生,2017年在浙江省建德市美国山核桃Carya illinoensis林病害始发期和盛发期通过林间试验比较了75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂4 000倍液、苯甲·嘧菌脂悬浮剂1 500倍液、苯甲·丙环唑乳油2000倍液、80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂400倍液4种不同杀菌剂对美国山核桃黑斑病病原菌小孢拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis microspore的防治试验。结果表明:除80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂(保护性杀菌剂)400倍液防治效果略差外,其他3种杀菌剂(治疗性杀菌剂)对美国山核桃叶片和果实黑斑病均有较好的防治效果,落叶期推迟时间和产量增量均显著高于对照组。其中施用75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂4 000倍液对美国山核桃病叶、病果防治效果最好,分别为97.06%和98.16%;落叶期推迟时间最长,比对照推迟98 d;产量增加最大,为对照的362.86%;其次为苯甲·嘧菌脂悬浮剂1 500倍液。研究结果表明,75%肟菌·戊唑醇水分散粒剂4 000倍液、苯甲·嘧菌脂悬浮剂1 500倍液、苯甲·丙环唑乳油2 000倍液3种治疗性防治药剂能有效防治美国山核桃黑斑病。

Field experiments were conducted on spraying 4 000-fold of Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole 75% WG, 1 500-fold of Difenoconazole · Azoxystrobin SC, 2 000-fold of Difenoconazole + Propiconazole EC and 400-fold of Mancozeb WP to control black spot of Carya illinoensis ‘Mahan’ in Jiande, Zhejiang province respectively in April, July and August. The results showed that three first-mentioned fungicides had better control effect on leaf and fruit black spot, with later leaf fall and more yield compared with that of the control. Spraying 4 000-fold of Trifloxystrobin + Tebuconazole 75% WG had the best control effect on black spot in leaf and fruit, 97.06% and 98.16% respectively, with 98 days later of leaf fall, and 362.86% of the yield of the control. Followed by 1 500-fold of Difenoconazole · Azoxystrobin SC.