“一带一路”建设中民间外交发展面临的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges Faced by the Non-governmental Diplomacy under the Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative

“一带一路”倡议的推进与民间外交的发展呈现正向联动。民间外交是推动“一带一路”倡议的辅助,能够凝聚共识、培育互信、惠及公众、建言献策、彰显负责任大国形象,配合和补充官方外交。与此同时,“一带一路”倡议的深化也增扩了民间外交的空间,使其主体日益多元、领域更加广泛、形式愈发灵活、平台日趋多样。但是,丝路沿线区域的安全隐患,文化、法律的异质性,国际社会对中国持续发展的疑虑,非通用语人才的稀缺,非政府主体跨国交往能力和国内保障的不足都构成当前民间外交的阻碍。为此,应当完善民间外交的顶层设计,加强非政府主体跨国交往能力建设,强化非通用语人才的培养,据理回击“中国威胁论”,充分发挥互联网和媒体在民间外交中的作用。

The advance of the Belt and Road Initiative and the development of non-governmental diplomacy have a positive linkage. Non-governmental diplomacy supports the Belt and Road Initiative. It can build consensus, foster mutual trust, benefit the public, offer suggestions, demonstrate the image of responsible power and cooperate with official diplomacy. Correspondingly, the deepening of the Belt and Road Initiative has also expanded the space for non-governmental diplomacy. Its subjects and platforms are becoming more diverse;its sphere is getting more extensive;its form is being more flexible. However, the potential security hazard along the Silk Road area, the heterogeneity of culture and law, the suspicions about China’s sustainable development, serious shortage of minority language skills and the lack of transnational communicative ability of non-governmental subject and domestic guarantee constitute obstacles to non-governmental diplomacy. Therefore, China should improve the top level design of non-governmental diplomacy, strengthen transnational communicative capability of non-governmental subjects, improve the cultivation of language skill, strike a powerful counterblow to the “China threat theory” and explore the value of the internet and media in non-governmental diplomacy.