二十年后对哈特和奈格里的《帝国》再反思——为卢森堡的帝国主义理论作一次辩护

Rethinking Hardt and Negri’s Empire After 20 Years——To Defend Luxembourg’s Theory of Imperialism

《帝国》发表二十年之后,重新反思哈特和奈格里的帝国体系的实质,对我们重新认识卢森堡的帝国主义理论具有重要的推动作用。在《帝国》中,哈特和奈格里批判卢森堡的帝国主义理论,建构起帝国的政治秩序和国家统治。在卢森堡看来,对资本主义社会批判,既要揭示出其生产力与生产关系的内在矛盾,又要作出内在批判和政治经济学批判。可见,卢森堡对资本主义的诊断和批判依然有效,她的帝国主义理论推进了马克思主义理论的发展。因此,重新反思哈特和奈格里的帝国体系的实质,并为卢森堡的帝国主义理论作辩护,这对我们重新认识当今的资本主义社会具有极其重要的理论价值和现实意义。

Twenty years after the publication of Empire, we should rethink the essence of Hardt and Negri's imperial system, which has an important role in promoting our re-understanding of Luxembourg's theory of imperialism. In Empire, Hardt and Negri criticize Luxembourg's theory of imperialism and construct the political order and the rule of state of the empire. In Luxembourg's view, criticism of capitalist society should not only reveal the internal contradiction between productivity and production relations, but also make internal criticism and political and economic criticism. It can be seen that Luxembourg's diagnosis and criticism of capitalism are still valid, and her theory of imperialism has promoted the development of Marxist theory. Therefore, rethinking the essence of Hardt and Negri's imperial system and defending Luxembourg's theory of imperialism is of great theoretical value and contemporary significance for us to re-understand today's capitalist society.