我院头孢菌素类抗菌药物合理使用及皮试情况分析

Analysis of rational use and skin test of cephalosporins in our hospital

目的分析我院头孢菌素使用情况及皮试状况,为合理应用提供可行性建议。方法随机抽取2017年1月~2018年12月门诊西药房处方共20000张并进行分析讨论,对其中静脉用头孢菌素处方的皮试情况进行分类,分为头孢唑林皮试组及头孢菌素原液皮试组,对两组皮试情况对比分析。结果我院抗菌药物使用率达16.79%,符合国家规定,使用头孢菌素类药物的科室主要有急诊科、儿科、口腔科、泌尿科及普外科,使用情况基本合理,部分处方在联合用药及溶媒选择等方面仍存在不合理现象;原液组较头孢唑林皮试组出现更低的误差率。结论我院头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用基本合理,个别处方仍有不合理现象。从安全用药的角度出发,在使用头孢菌素类抗菌药物前,以药物原液进行皮肤过敏试验,以减少不良反应的发生。

Objective To analyze the use and the skin test status of cephalosporin in our hospital,in order to provide feasible suggestions for rational drug use. Methods A total of 20 000 prescriptions between January 2017 and December 2018 were randomly selected from outpatient pharmacy of western medicine and analyzed.The skin test for i.v. cephalosporin prescription was classified into cefazolin skin test group and cephalosporin stock skin test group.Then these two skin test groups were compared and analyzed. Results The use rate of antibacterial drugs in our hospital was 16.79%,which was in line with national regulation.The departments using cephalosporins mainly included emergency department,pediatrics,stomatology,urology and general surgery.There were still unreasonable phenomena of some prescriptions in terms of combination,solvent selection etc.;the error rate in the cephalosporin stock skin test group was lower than that in the cefazolin skin test group. Conclusion The use of cephalosporin antibiotics in our hospital was basically reasonable,and there were still unreasonable phenomena in individual prescriptions.In view of the safety of medicine,allergy skin test must be conducted using cephalosporin stock solution before using antibiotic,like cephalosporin,toreduce the recurrence of adverse reactions.