基于响应面法的对虾去头工艺参数优化

Optimization of shrimp deheading parameters based on response surface methodology

为提高对虾去头的作业质量和效率,优化对虾去头加工工艺参数,利用自制的两步式对虾去头装置,以70~80只/kg的南美白对虾为对象,以去头成功率、去头虾得率和断面感官评分为考核指标进行了去头试验。通过单因素试验确定圆盘刀转速、拨杆转速以及圆盘刀刻度位置的取值范围,应用Design-Expert 8.0.5b响应面优化分析法,构建了去头成功率、去头虾得率和断面感官评分与圆盘刀转速、拨杆转速以及圆盘刀刻度位置之间的数学模型,并应用响应面法对试验数据进行分析处理,得到了对虾去头装置的最佳工作参数组合。结果表明:圆盘刀转速为500 r/min,拨杆转速为495 r/min,圆盘刀刻度位置为11.25 mm时,对虾去头效果最佳,在此参数组合下进行验证试验,对虾去头装置性能可靠稳定,成功率为100%,去头虾得率为71.61%,感官评分为8.67,各项指标均满足要求。

In order to improve the quality and efficiency of shrimp deheading process and optimize the processing parameters,the success rate, the headless shrimp yield and the sensory score were taken as the tests indices in the experiments that have been carried out by the self-made machine which is targeted at Litopenaeus vannamei between 70 and 80 per kilogram. The range of three parameters including the rotational speed of disc cutter, the rotational speed of poke stick and the calibration position of disc cutter were determined by single factor test. Furthermore, Design-Expert software was used to design an orthogonal test including these three test factors and three test indices, which were the success rate, the headless shrimp yield and the sensory score of the cross section. Analyzing the tests data and the variance, a mathematical regression equation of the evaluation indices and influencing factors was established, presenting the effects of rotational speed of disc cutter, the rotational speed of dial rod and the calibration position of disc cutter on the success rate, the headless shrimp yield and the sensory score of the cross section. Response surface analysis was performed and the best combination of the three key parameters affecting shrimp head removal effect was obtained. The optimal combination of the three key factors for shrimp head remove were as follows: the circular knife speed is 500 r/min, the poke stick speed is 495 r/min and circular knife scale position is 11.25 mm. Under the optimal condition, the tests were done and the test results were as follows: the success rate was 92.46%, the headless shrimp yield was 71.61% and the sensory score was 8.67, respectively. The test results show that the deheading shrimp device can meet the requirements of shrimp deheading and promote the development of automatic shrimp peeling in China.