向下超越和向上求索——论路内长篇小说《慈悲》的哲理意蕴

Going Beyond and Looking Upwards——On the Philosophical Connotation of LU Nei’s Novel Compassion

路内的长篇小说《慈悲》是其“中年转型”之作。小说虽然写了国营工厂以及生活在工厂里的工人近半个世纪的命运变迁,但却有着自己形而上的追求,具有丰富的哲理意蕴。《慈悲》在对死亡事件的重复书写中,彰显了人从生到死、从有到无的命运逻辑,并追问了人在无中如何争取有、在死中如何获取生的问题。而在回答这一问题时,小说主要通过对比师傅、根生、宿小东和水生四人面对工厂秩序的不同态度来书写不同的生存意识,传达自己的生活信念,最终肯定了水生在日常生活中既能向下超越,又能向上求索的生活信念。

LU Nei's novel Compassion is his "middle-aged transformation". Although the novel is about the fate changes of state-owned factories and workers living in factories for nearly half a century, it has its own metaphysical pursuit and rich philosophical implications. Specifically, in the repetitive writing of death, Mercy pointed out the logic of the fate from birth to death and from nothing to no life, and asked how man can win in life and how to obtain his life in death. In answering this question, the novel mainly expresses different life expectancy by comparing different attitudes of the master, Gensheng, SU Xiaodong and Shuisheng to the factory order to convey their own beliefs in life. The novel finally confirms the life belief that Shuisheng can both surpass downward and search upward in daily life.