曲轴位置传感器引发故障的试验研究

Experimental Study on Fault Caused by Crankshaft Position Sensor

曲轴位置传感器又叫发动机转速传感器,其主要作用是检测发动机的转速,此外曲轴位置传感器还有监测上止点信号及曲轴转角等作用,ECU通过对读取的曲轴位置传感器的信号进行处理,根据气缸的点火顺序精准地控制各个缸的点火提前角及喷油时刻等。通常曲轴位置传感器与信号轮的装配间隙要求为1±0.5mm,当间隙不在这个范围之内时,发动机的运行就表现出多种不同的故障模式,如出现点火控制异常,转速波动,转矩控制不稳定等问题。列举了在试验过程中曲轴位置信号故障以及分析,探究由于曲轴位置信号异常带来的发动机故障。

The crankshaft position sensor is also called the engine speed sensor. The main function of this sensor is to detect the engine speed. In addition, the crankshaft position sensor also monitors the top dead center signal, crank angle, etc. According to the ignition sequence of the cylinder, ECU processes crankshaft position sensor signal, then controlling the advanced ignition angle and injection timing accurately. Usually, the assembly clearance between the crankshaft position sensor and the signal wheel is 1±0.5mm. However, when the clearance is not within this range, the engine operation shows a variety of different failure modes, such as abnormal ignition control, speed fluctuations, unstable torque control and other issues. This paper enumerates the crankshaft position signal fault in the test process and analyzes the engine fault caused by abnormal crankshaft position signal.